Paleontologists Use 3D Printing to Reconstruct Dinosaurs

By creating scale robotic models of dinosaur bones, the researchers hope to discover how the creatures moved. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a useful tool for this research because the technology is capable of creating complex geometrical objects that are sturdy, yet still lightweight. Part of the problem in using actual bones to determine how dinosaurs might have moved is the weight.

I can’t pick up a 1,100-pound femur and see how it articulates with a 400-pound tibia and 150-pound fibula; not without getting a hernia at least. –Dr. Kenneth Lacovara, paleontologist at Drexel University

The process of creating the models begins with researchers using a 3D scanner to create a CAD file the scientists can study and alter (in cases of missing pieces). From there, the CAD image is sent to a 3D printer and the bone is built. By teaming up with Dr. James Tangorra from Drexel’s College of Engineering, the AM bones are integrated with robotics to create a moving model.

Besides creating robotic terrors, AM can help paleontologists in other ways. Scale models can be created (sans robot parts) for use in education without worrying about students damaging actual fossils, or dealing with heavy and expensive cast models. Scientists can also create exact-size replicas for use in museum displays. One might imagine the researchers would find that it’s also easier to share a CAD file with their fellows rather than shipping large bones over long distances.

The team at Drexel plans to have a robotic dinosaur completed by the end of 2012. From there they expect to run a number of tests to learn more about the dinosaurs, though without a true flesh-and-bone creature to study, most of the findings will still involve a fair amount of speculation.

Below you’ll find a video that demonstrates how a dinosaur skull can be created with AM.

Sources: Time, Drexel University